英語論文の英語要約・和訳1

現在行っている研究の先行研究となる英語論文の英語要約・和訳を行う。これは今年度2月上旬の国際学会へ向けた英語発表の練習の一環である。 一行ずつ原文を打ち込み、短いブロックごとに分けて英語要約・和訳を行う。

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compression(英語要約)

中学英語程度の無理をせずとも頭に浮かぶ程度の英単語・英文法で要約する

English-Japanese translation(英文和訳)

日本語で文の内容をまとめる

論文名:Changes in relative importance of multiple social regulatory forces with colony size in the ant Diacamma sp. from Japan

論文概要

Social insects

Among social insects, awareness of the presence of queen(s) or reproductive individual is crucial to the maintenance of group cohesin.
Although it is fairly well establish that information on the queen's presence is chemical, little is known about how this information is transmitted among colony members.
In Diacamma sp., direct physical contact informs nestmate workers of the presence of the gamergate.

compression

A queen of social insects has to know that how many ants of their colony.
But,it is difficult for queen to know it.
On the other hand,Diacamma sp., can know it to direct contacts.

English-Japanese translation

社会性昆虫の女王、あるいは仲間を増やす役割をもつ者は自分の巣に何匹の仲間がいるのかを知らなくてはならない。
しかし、女王にとって巣に何匹の仲間がいるのかを知るというのはとても困難である。
その一方で、トゲオオハリアリは物理的な接触で知ることができるのである。

Queen and workers

We investigated the pattern and efficiency of transmission of gamergate infomation to workers in Diacamma sp.
Workers could sense the absence of gamergate and switch their behavior within 3 h of being orphaned.

compression

We thought that a queen has the best way to meet their workers.
Workers can know that absence of queen.
It its because if there is no queen, workers change their behavior 3 h ago.

English-Japanese translation

我々は女王蟻が効率よく働き蟻の情報を集める方法を持っているのではないかと考えた。
また、働きアリは女王が不在を知ることができ、女王が不在になって3時間以内にそれまでと異なった振舞いをする。

Queen's patrol

However, even in colonies with gamergate present, some workers failed to encounter the gamegate within 3 h of their last contact.
This transmission inefficincy increased with increasing colony size.
Nevertheless, workers in colonies of a natural size range usually refrained from reproducing in the presence of gamergates.

compression

But,if there is a queen in colony, some workers can't meet the queen within 3 h.
If colony size is large, more workers cna't do it.
Nevertheless, colony has same number of workers.

English-Japanese translation

しかし、女王がコロニーにいたとしても3時間以内に女王に会えないワーカーもおり、この傾向はコロニー内のアリの数が増えるほど顕著になる。
それにもかかわらず女王さえいればコロニー内のアリの数は一定に保たれている。

Queen can know colony size

This suggests that self-restraint by workers in response to the perception of queen presence of alone does not explain the absence of worker reproduction.
The gamergate increased her frequency and duration of walking around in the nest as the colony size increased, possibly to improve contact efficiency and police worker reproduction.
Simultaneously, dominance and policing behaviours by workers occurred more frequently with increased colony size.

compression

We can't explain it, unless a queen can know colony size.
And, if colony size is bigger, a queen meets workers more frequency.

English-Japanese translation

これ(コロニー内のアリの数は一定に保たれているという事実)は女王がコロニー内のアリの数を把握していないと説明できない。
そして、もしコロニー内のアリの数が増加するとそれに応じて女王のパトロール行動の頻度も増加する。

Diacamma's system

Our study shows that muliple complementary mechanisms, such as policing, dominance and self-restraint, regulate the reproductive division of labour in Diacamma sp.
We also report the novel finding that the relative importaqnce of these mechanisms can change over time as the colony grows.

compression

We report the system that can change behavior by colony size in Diacamma sp.

English-Japanese translation

本研究では刻々と変化するコロニーに対して行動を変えるトゲオオハリアリの行動解析を行う。